The art of olive wood carving in Palestine has deep historical roots, tracing back to the local monks who first taught the craft to residents around the time the Church of the Nativity was constructed, in the approximate timeframe of the 4th century. Initially, artisans focused on creating rosaries from the pits of olives, but the tradition evolved over the centuries to encompass a wide range of exquisitely carved pieces.
Today, the most iconic Palestinian olive wood carvings are the intricate nativity scenes, depicting the Holy Family of Jesus, Mary, and Joseph, along with the Shepherds, Three Magi, and various animals - some pieces showcasing an extraordinary level of detailed craftsmanship. These nativity sets have become renowned worldwide for their beauty and elegance, emblematic of the rich cultural heritage of the region.
Beyond the traditional crèche figures, Bethlehem's skilled artisans continue to produce a diverse array of captivating olivewood works, from delicate candleholders and ornaments to finely crafted boxes and other modern artistic pieces. A stroll along Milk Grotto Street in Bethlehem offers visitors a glimpse into the workshops where these time-honored traditions are carried on, with samples of the highly acclaimed Palestinian olive wood crafts available throughout the region.