The World Heritage site "Hebron/ Old Town" is located about 30 km south of Jerusalem, rising approximately 1000 meters above sea level. It was inscribed on the World Heritage List and the List of World Heritage in Danger in 2017 under criteria (ii), (iv), and (vi). Hebron is a distinguished example of a city where human values and exchanges played a crucial role in the development of its architecture, construction technology, arts, urban planning, and cultural landscape. The cultural values, traditions, and religious and spiritual beliefs inspired by the hospitality and generosity of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham), as well as its strategic location on one of the most important historical routes, are fundamental to the cultural character and religious traditions of this city. These traditions remain deeply rooted in the customs of its people, including the practice of offering free meals to visitors and the poor at the Ibrahimi Takiyya (Hospice- free kitchen).
Ancient Hebron is a prominent example of an exceptional architectural style and urban planning that highlights an important stage in human history. The city's current urban layout dates back to the Mamluk period with some Ottoman additions, particularly in the upper layers and individual houses. Many notable landmarks are within the boundaries of the Old Town, including residential courtyards, markets, Khans (inns), religious schools, shrines, sanctuaries, and public baths. The Ibrahimi Mosque (Cave of the Patriarchs) is one of the most significant landmarks of the city, granting it its distinctive status and making it a religious destination for believers and travelers from around the world. The city's historical architecture, preserved and maintained over the centuries, stands as a testament to Hebron's vibrant cultural diversity throughout the ages.
The ancient city of Hebron is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, with a history spanning over 6,000 years. It is a sacred city for the three monotheistic religions and has become the fourth holiest city in Islam after Mecca, Medina, and Jerusalem. The prophets Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and their wives, as well as Joseph, are buried here. The old city originally centered on the archaeological site of Tell Rumeida until the beginning of the Islamic period.